Magneto-electric generator.



No. 632,667. Patented Sept. 5, |899. J. A. WILLIAMS.

MAGNET ELECTRIC GENERATOR.

(Application Bled JunelO, 1898. Renewed July 2G, 1899.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT Ormea,

.IOSEPH A. WILLIAMS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE VILLIAMSELECTRIC COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

MAGNETO-ELECTRIC G EN ERATO Rn SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersPatent No. 632,667', dated September 5, 1899.

Application filed June 10,1898. Renewed July 26,1899. Serial No.726,195. (No modell) To (1J/Z whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, JOSEPH A. WILLiAMs, of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga,and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful 5 Improvementsin Magneto-Electric Generators; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use 1othe same.

My invention relates to improvements in magneto-electric generators.

One object of the invention is to increase the efficiency of theU-shaped permanent magnets by a novel and peculiar connection of thepole-pieces to the magnets, so as to form a relative efficient contactand a great effective length of permanent magnet and distribute themagnetism from the magnets unizo formly from the central portion of thepolepieces in opposite directions cireumferentially of the armaturessweep.

A further object of the invention is to provide a very simple,convenient, and reliable 2 5 automatic cut-out, whereby when thegenerator is not in actual use for ringing the resistance of thearmature-winding is automatically cut out of the circuit, so as to avoidweakening of received signals on the bells.

3o With these objects in view, and to the end of realizing otheradvantages hereinafter relerred to, the invention consists in certainfeatures of construction and combinations of parts, hereinafterdescribed, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is an end elevation of amagneto-electric generatorembodyingmyinvention. FigIIis'afront sideelevation of the machine, partly broken 4o away and in section to moreclearly show the construction. Fig. III is a plan, partly in section andpartly broken away. Fig. IV shows the stationary contact and movablecontacts of the cutout and illustrates the manner in which the movablecontacts are electrically disengaged from the stationary contactsimultaneously with the rotation of the manually-driven shaft.

Referring to the drawings, A A designate 5o the two oppositely-arrangedpole pieces or plates that are arranged at opposite sides, respectively,el the circle or sweep of the armature 13. Each pole-piece A has acentral arc-shaped portion that extends close to and circumferentiallyof and partially surrounds the sweep of the armature. Each pole-piece atthe lower extremity of its arc-shaped portion extends perpendic ularl ydownwardly, as

at a, to the wooden base or support C, and thence is lflanged laterallyand outwardly, as 6o at a', and overlaps and engages the adjacent end ofthe inverted U -shaped permanent magnets D, that straddle the pair ofpole-pieces. Hence the pole-pieces are arranged between the legs orlimbs of the magnets and have iianges athat engage the extremities ofthe said magnets and are secured, preferably removably, by means ofscrews C to the base or support C.

The generator in the case illustrated com- 7o prisesthree permanentmagnets arranged in line edgewise,and the central magnet issnuglyinterposed between the two outer magnets, so as to avoid anyair-space between the adjacent edges of adjacent magnets.` Thepolepieces are preferably longer than the aggregate width of the magnetsand extend, preferably, beyond theouter edges of the outer magnets.

For the purpose of obtaining a greater ef- 8o feetive length ofpermanent magnet by connecting each pole-piece at the central portion tothe connected magnets at a line horizontally bisecting the circular pathor sweep of the armature or atl the place where the permanent magnetsarc nearest to the said sweep or path, and for the purpose ofdistributing the magnetism to the pole-pieces from the magnets uniformlyin opposite directions cireumferentially of the armatures sweep, I pro-9o vide a contact-plate G of magnetic material between the outer side ofeach pole-piece and the inner sides of the adjacent legs or limbs of themagnets, and the said plate G is preferably composed of sheet metal cutand stamped or bent into the shape required to form three perpendicularand llat sections g, engaging the inner sides of the three differentmagnets, respectively, and an arc-shaped section g between adjacentstraight sections ico and conforming to and litting the external surfaceof the central arc-shaped portion of the pole-piece, and the centralportion of the arcshapcd members of the contact-plate ena cease? gagethe pole-pieces and magnets at a point horizontally opposite, orapproximately horizontally opposite, the axis of the armature, and thecurved portions g' of the contactplate distribute the magnetism from themagnets to the pole-pieces above and below the central place at whichthe contaetplate engages the magnets.

Each contact-plate G, to prevent its endwise displacement, has two lugsor flanges g2 g2, that are formed upon opposite ends, respectively,andcentrally of the plate and overlapping opposite side edges,respectively, of the engaging pole-piece.

Each contact-plate G, for the purpose of preventing edgewisedisplacement of the permanent magnets, is provided at the top and bottomwith two lugs or flanges g3, projecting laterally and outwardly fromopposite ends, respectively, of the plate and overlapping and engagingthe outeredges of the different outer magnets, respectively.

The armature-shaft b, that operatively bears the armature,is arrangedlongitudinally of and centrally between the pole-pieces and preferablyin the same horizontal plane, as already indicated, with those portionsof the eontactplates that engage both the polepieces and t-he magnets,and the said shaft is suitably supported from the end plates K K, thatare composed of non-magnetic material and arranged at opposite ends,respectively, of the pole-pieces, and the said end plates are secured,preferably removably, by means of screws K', to the outer sides of theflanges L', formed upon the ends of two horizontally-arranged plates Land L, that are arranged apart vertically a suitable distance and extendfrom end to end of the pole-pieces, and at the sides have flanges L2,that are secured, preferably removably, by means of screws K2 to thepole-pieces. The armature has a hub B', that is fixed upon the shaft inany approved manner, and two heads B2 B2, arranged at opposite sides,respectively, of the hub, and is recessed between the heads and the hubfor accommodating the reception of the wire B3, that is wound upon thearmature, and the outer arc-shaped surfaces of the armature-heads arenot concentric with the arcshaped surfaces of the pole-pieces; but theair-gaps between the sweep of the said surfaces of the armature and thepole-pieces shall increase slightly from the central portion of thepole-pieces upwardly and downwardly cireumferentially of the said sweep.

The armature-shaft at the left-hand end of the machine operatively bearsa pinion b',that is in mesh with the driving spur-gear O', that isoperatively mounted upon the left-hand end of the manually-driven shaftO, that is arranged horizontally above and parallel with thearmature-shaft and supported from upward extensions Ks of the end platesK.

The jarring or jerking of the gear when the latter is placed at or nearthe crank is so great during the operation of tho machine that thebearing of the gear and also the bearing of the pinion are seriouslyworn, andthe wear is evidenced by the objectionable noise that isperceptibly heard during the operation of the worn gearing. By placingthe gear as faraway from the operating-crank as practicable I haveobserved that the wear upon the bearings is reduced to a minimum, and,consequently, l place the gearing at the outer side of the left-handshaft-supporting end plate K.

The automatic eut-ont comprises, preferably, a disk or collar P, that isremovably secured to the manually-driven shaft by a screw P'. To thedisks side that faces in the direction from which power is applied tothe shaft are secured two pawls or contacts l)2 I, arranged at oppositesides, respectively, of and movable toward the shaft and having one endpivoted to the disk, as at P3, horizontally and longitudinally of theshaft. disk is provided with an annnlarand circumferential rim or flangeP4, that projects in the said direction, and two springs P5 P5, that aresecured to the internal surface of the said' rim, act to retain thedifferent pawls in their normal position, wherein the free ends of thepawls project through slots PU, formed in the aforesaid rim, intoengagement with a stationary contact Q, that extends around but isarranged a suitable distance from the said rim and is supported in anyapproved manner-as, for instance, from the pole-pieces, from which it issuitably insulated, as at Q'. Contact Q is electrically connected by thewire with the metallic member b4, that by the insulated pin h2 iselectrically connected with one end of the armature-wire. R and R'designate the two wires leading from and to the machine. Vire R iselectrically connected to any metallic part of the machine that iselectrically connected with the armature-shaft, and wire R' iselectrically connect ed to member b4 and consequently is electricallyconnected with stationary contact Q. The movable contacts P2 areelectrically connected with the armature-shaft through the mechanismthat lies between them and the said shaft, and consequently thearmature` winding is short-circuited when the movable contacts l2 are intheir normal position and engage the stationary contact Q, and the shortcircuit of the said winding is removed, so as to throw the latter intothe circuit when contacts P2 are moved out ol' engagement with contactQ.

A preferable construction ofthe cut-out is shown in Fig. IV, where the,Atwo pawls are pivoted at diametrieally opposite sides, respectively, ofand a suitable distance from the shaft O and extend in oppositedirections, respectively. Each pawl at its outer longitudinal edge andouter side has a lug or flange P7, arranged longitudinally of the pawland engaged by the spring that acts to retain the said pawl in thelatters normal position. Each pawl at its inner longitiidinal edge andouter The said IOO supported at the right-hand end from the lefthand endof shaft-section O3 by extending into the said left-hand end of sectionO3, that to a limited extent is revoluble upon shaftsection OX.Operative connection between the two shaft-sections is made by twoflanges or arms 0505, formed upon opposite sides, respectively, of theinner or left-hand end of shaft-section O3. One of the members O5overlaps the outer side of the flange P8 of one of the pawls and theother member O5 over-` laps the outer side of the lange P8 of the otherpawl, and the arrangement of parts is such, therefore, that the turn ofthe shaft-section O3 in the one or the other direction will cause itsarms or lian ges Oto actuate the pawls toward each other against theaction of the pawl-engaging springs and out of engagement with contact Qand turn the left-hand shaftsection by virtue of the operativeconnection thus established between the two shaft-sections bymembers O5and pawlsPS. The gearbearing shaft-section is prevented from out` wardendwise displacement by a collar O6, fixed upon the said shaft-sectionat the righthand end ofthe shaft-supporting box formed upon theleft-hand end plate K, and the crauk-bearin g shaft-section is preventedfrom outward endwise displacement by a collar O7, iixed upon the saidlast-mentioned shaft-section at theleft-hand end of the shaft-supportingbox formed upon the right -hand end plate K.

The arrangement of the stationary contact Q and the movable contacts P2P2 is of course such that at all times at least one of the said movablecontacts in the latters normal position engages the stationary contact.

Two suitably-arranged bolts S S and nuts S', mounted upon the shanlzs ofthe bolts, and plates or washers S2, interposed between the bolt-headsand the magnets and between the nuts and the magnets are employed indrawing the limbs of the magnets together and against the pole-pieces.The two bolts extend through the different outer magnets, respectively,next to the central magnet. The bolt-holes d in the magnets are formedby recesses made in the said edges of the' magnets, as shown in dottedlines, Fig. 1I, and the washers or plates S2 extend across and act uponthe central magnet.

That I claim isl. In a 1n agncto-clcctric generator, the combinationwith the magnets and the pole-pieces; of contact-plates between thepole-pieces and the magnets, which plates have sections engaging themagnets and having other sections engaging the pole-pieces,substantially as set forth.

2. In a magneto-electric generator, a contact -plate snugly interposedbetween the outer side of each pole-piece and the adjacent portions ofthe permanent magnets, and consisting of a sheet or plate of magneticmaterial, and cut orstamped or bent into the shape required to formstraight sections engaging the magnets and curved sections conforming toand engaging the outer sides of the polepieces, substantially as setforth.

3. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination with the twopole-pieces having arc shaped or curved portions arranged at oppositesides, respectively, of and extending partially around the armaturessweep, and the magnets straddling the pair of pole-pieces; of a contact-plate snugly interposed between the said central portion of eachpole-piece and the magnets, and having straight sections engaging themagnets and arc-shaped or curved sect-ions formed between the straightsections and engagin the'pole-pieces, substantially as set forth.

4. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination with the twoarc-shaped or curved pole-pieces arranged at opposite sides,respectively, of the armatures sweep, and the magnets straddling thepair of pole-pieces; of a contact-plate interposed between the outerside of each pole-piece and the magnets, and having sections engagingand conforming to the inner surfaces of the magnets above and below thecentral part of the arc-shaped or curved portions of the pole-piece andhaving othersections partiallyembracing and engaging the outer sides ofthe pole-pieces above and below the said central part of the polepiece,substantially as set forth.

5. In a magneto-electric generator, a coutact-plate for interpositionbetween the outer side of a pole-piece and the adjacent portions of thepermanent magnets and consisting of a plate composed of magnetic metalor material and cut and stamped or bent into the shape required to formsections partially embracing the pole-piece above and below the centralportion of the armature-surrounding portion of the pole-piece, and othersections conforming to and engaging the magnets above and below the saidcentral portion of the pole-piece, substantially as set forth.

G. In a magneto-electric generator, a eontact-plate interposed betweenthe outer side of a pole-piece and the adjacent portion of the permanentmagnets, and having twolugs or flanges overlappingand engaging theopposite side edges, respectively, of the polepiece, su bstant-ially asand for the purpose set forth.

7. In a magneto-electric generator, a contact-plate interposed between apole-piece and ICO IIO

the magnets, and having lugs or fiangessuitably arranged to preventedgewise displacement of the magnets, substantially as set forth.

S. In a magnetoelectric generator, a contact-plate interposed between apole-piece and the magnets, and consisting of a plate of magnetic metalcut and stamped or bent into the shape required to form, first, membersengaging the magnets inner sides, secondly, members engaging the outerside of the polepiece, thirdly, lugs or Iianges overlapping and engagingthe side edges of the pole-piece,and, fourthly, lugs or flanges arrangedto prevent edgewise displacements of the magnets, substantially as setforth.

9. In a magnetoelectric generator, the coinbination of thesupporting-base C; two pole pieces A A; the permanent magnets D, and thecontact-plates G having the magnet-engaging members g and thepole-piece-engaging members g all arranged and operating, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth. lO. In a magneto-electric generator,the combination of the two pole-pieces and the magnets straddling thepair of pole-pieces and arranged in line and contact edgewise, andhaving the bolt-holes, for the reception of the bolts, that areinstrumental in drawing together the magnets, formed by slots orrecesses made in edges of the magnets, and the bolts and connectedmembers for drawing the magnets against the pole-pieces, substantiallyas set forth.

Il. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination with thepole-pieces and the three permanent magnets arranged in line edgewisewith the central magnet snugly interposed between the two outer magnets;of the bolts S, the nuts S and the plates or washers S2, all arrangedand operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

l2. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of themanually-driven shaft having a n external disl;,collar orlaterally-projecting member; a contact pivoted t0 the saidlaterally-projecting member longitudinally of the shaft; a stationarycontact arranged to be engaged, by the pivoted contact, when the latter'is in its normal position; means acting to retain the pivoted contact inthe latters normal position; and such an operative connection betweenthe pivoted contact and the shaft as will tilt or swing the pivotedcontact away, and retain it separated, from the stationary Contactduring the rotation of the shaft, substantially as set forth.

13. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination with the stationarycontact, and a movable contact, of the machines cut-ont; of themanually-driven shaft, and such an operative connection between thelatter and the movable contact as will separate the movable contact, andretain the latter separated, from the stationary contact during therotation of the shaft in either direction, substantially as set forth.

cease? movable contacts and the shaft as will cause the movable contactsto be disengaged from the stationary contact upon the rotation of theshaft, substantially as set forth.

l5. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of themanually-driven shaft composed of two sections assembled endwise; a diskor col lar operatively mountedor formed upon one of the shaft-sections;acrank operatively connected with the other shaft-sections; two movablecontacts carried by the said disk or collar at opposite sides,respectively, of the shaft and movable toward each other; a stationarycontact partially embracing the annular path along which the movablecontacts revolve during the rotation of the shaft, and arranged to beengaged at all times by at least one of the movable contacts in thelatters normal position; means acting to retain the movable contacts intheir normal position, and such an operative connection between thecrank-bearing shaft-section and the movable contacts as will cause themovable contacts, during the rotation of the last-mentionedshaft-section, to be disengaged from the stationary contact and transmitmotion to the shaft-section that carries the movable contacts,substantially as set forth,

1G. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of' themanually-driven shaft composed of two sections assembled endwise; a disl or collar operatively mounted or formed upon one of theshaft-sections; a crank operatively connected with the othershaft-section; two movable contacts carried by the said disl: or collarand pivoted, at one end, at opposite sides, respectively, of the shaft,and extending in opposite directions, respectively; a stationarycontactpartiallyembracing the annular path along which the movable contactsrevolve during the rotation of the shaft and arranged to be engaged atall times byat least one of themovable contacts in the latters normalposition; means acting to retain the movable contacts in their normalpositions, and suoli an operative connection between the crank-bearingsection of the shaft and the movable contacts as will cause the movablecontacts, during the rotation of the last-mentioned shaft-section, to bedisengaged from the stationary contact and transmit motion to theshaft-section that car` ries the movable contacts, substantially as setforth.

IOO

IIO

17. In a. magneto-electric generator, the combination of themanually-driven shaft composed of two sections assembled endwise; a diskor collar operatively mounted or formed upon one of the shaft-sections;a crank operatively connected with the other shaft-sed tion; two movablecontacts supported from the disk or collar and arranged at oppositesides, respectively, of and movable toward the shaft, and each of thesaid movable contacts havinga ilange arranged longitudinally thereof;means acting to retain the said contacts in their normal position; astationary contact partially embracing the annular path along which themovable contacts revolve during the rotation of the shaft, and arrangedto be engaged at all times by one of the mov` able contacts in thelatters normal position, and two arms orflanges formed upon or rigidwith the crank-bearing shaft-section and overlapping the one the outerside of the ilange of one of the movable contacts, and the other theouter side of the flange of the other movable contact, substantially asset forth.

18. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of themanually-driven shaft composed of two sections assembled endwise, andone of the said sections being hollow and embracing the other section; acrank operatively connected with the hollow shaft-section 5 two movablecontacts supported from the other shaft-section and arranged at oppositesides, respectively,of and movable toward the shaft, and each of thesaid movable contacts having a llange arranged longitudinally thereofmeans acting to retain the said contacts in their normal position; astationary contact partially embracing the annular path along which themovable contacts revolve during the rotation of the shaft and arrangedto be engaged at all times by one of the movable contacts in the lattersnormal position; an arm or llange formed on the crankebearingshaft-section and overlapping the outer side of the flange of one of themovable contacts, and another arm or llange formed upon the saidshaft-section and overlapping the outer side of the flange of the othermovable contact, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

' 19. In a magneto electric generator, the combination of themanually-driven shaft; two movable contacts supported from and arrangedat opposite sides, respectively, of and movable toward the shaft, andeach of the said movable contacts having a lange arranged longitudinallythereof; means acting to retain the said contacts in their normalposition; a

stationary contact partially embracing the annular path along which themovable contacts revolve during the rotation of the shaft and arrangedto be engaged at' all times by one of the movable contacts in thelatters normal position; the operating-crank3 a member overlapping theouter side of the flange of one of the movable contacts and a memberoverlapping the outer side of the ilange of the other movable contact,and both of the said flangeoverlapping members being revoluble andoperatively connected with the crank, substam tially as set forth.

20. In a magneto-electric generator, the combination of the shaft Ocomprising a crank-bearing section OS revolubly embracing thegear-bearing section OX; the disk or collar P having the circumferentialrim or flange P4 slotted, as at P6; the pivoted movable contacts P2having the flanges P7 and PB; the springs P5 and the arms or anges Oupon the crank-bearing shaft-section, all arranged and operating for thepurpose shown and specified.

Signed by me at Cleveland, Ohio, this 6th day of June, 1898.

JOSEPH A. W'ILLIAMS.

Vitnesses:

C H. Donna, A. l-I. PARRETT.

